Why  do  I  believe  in cause and effect? Friedrich Nietzsche, Digitale Kritische Gesamtausgabe Werke und Briefe auf der Grundlage der Kritischen Gesamtausgabe Werke, herausgegeben von Giorgio Colli und Mazzino Montinari, Berlin/New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1967ff. 275–298). Nietzsche’s Zarathustra as Educator. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Thus, for appearance’s sake, appointments are given ‘to those men who bear the name of philosopher and yet are patently nothing to inspire fear’. Nietzsche on Freedom and Autonomy, pp. (2015a). Oxford: Blackwell. (TI,  Reason, §1), »eternal return.selective Being.« How can reaction and nihilism, how can negation come back, since the eternal return is the Being that is only said of affirmation, and becoming in action? Here it is to the point to note that experts, unburdened by erudition, nota bene, not unlike Wilamowitz, have for their part accused Nietzsche of getting his Greek wrong (Babich, 2009, pp. Teachers as Absurd Heroes: Camus’ Sisyphus and  the  Promise  of  Rebellion,. The prophet of our laughter: Or Nietzsche as — educator?. Marianne Cowan (cited as PTAG in the text, with page numbers). Nietzsche’s Postmoralism, pp. Nietzsche, Nachlaß, VIII 5 [9], KSA 12, 187; “Es giebt gar keinen Willen.” The important point about this statement is, that it appears as point 2, following on “1. But so far from praise, Ulrich  Wilamowitz-Möllendorff   insisted   to   us,   and   scholars,   especially   Nietzsche   experts,   have believed him ever since, unswerving, that Nietzsche’s work was proof of a lack of erudition (Wilamowitz-Möllendorff,  2000). 20-40. New  Haven:  Yale  University Press. Cahiers  du  service  culturel  de  l’ambassade  de  France  en  Inde. View or download all content the institution has subscribed to. This translation of his collection of lectures and essays originally published in 1982 portrays Nietzsche being primarily interested in science, albeit taken off course for a time by Wagner and their shared interest in Schopenhauer. KSA 12:2[104] ("Bei Plato als bei einem Menschen der überreizbaren Sinnlichkeit und Schwärmerei ist der Zauber des Begriffs so groß gewesen, daß er unwillkürlich den Begriff als eine Idealform verehrte und vergötterte. Cf. [7] Nietzsche en appelle à un abandon du scepticisme ambiant, qui vire au nihilisme de celui qui ne croit à rien et veut le rien. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. New York: Routledge. 99–110. (See  Babich,  2017d for a recent overview, though I have been writing about this since the Sokal year of 1996), Nor does Nietzsche fail to summarize, cui bono?, he asks, when it comes to the futures of our educational institutions: the state who institutes these institutions seeks thereby, this will be Max Weber’s point more complicatedly construed in his analysis of the ‘Protestant Ethic,’ but it is very directly Ivan Illich’s point in his Deschooling  Society, ‘to further itself and it cannot conceive of a goal higher than its own welfare and continued existence’. (3) Vol. Why not, and I argue elsewhere that a case could well be made, for Kant or for Hume? Das spielende Kind. Nietzsche’s legacy for education: Past and present values. ),  Antonio  T. de Nicolas: Poet of Eternal Return (pp. Hence he could argue with the best of 19th century cosmology that a dancing star was born of chaos, excess, confusion. South Bend, IN: St Augustine’s Press. Nietzsche’s  writerly  ventures are seemingly didactic and even qua physician of culture he seems to be speaking of education (Hart,  2009, p. 113). (Ibid.) Babich, B. Owen, 2002), cultural and personal and otherwise (and quite in spite of the fascist dangers of the same, all the way to those who clamour for Nietzschean transhumanism as perfectionism qua education by other means, in this case biohacks or other cyborg upgrades (Sorgner, 2017, esp. . 1641–1652). Perceptions  of  modernity. The liberal democratic reading has (at least) three strands - one that stems from the postmodernist reading of Nietzsche from Foucault and includes those agonist democrats like: M. Warren (1988) Nietzsche and Political Thought. Nietzsche, KSA 7, 165) In any case, no matter whether one is able to contain or fails to contain in one soul ‘the oldest, the newer, losses, hopes, conquests, and the victories of humanity … and crowd it into a single feeling’ (GS 4, 337), what remains significant is the long run and the highest feeling. 6-27. Thus he writes, for example, The  Gay  Science—published in two parts, beginning with The Gay Science, Books 1-4, ending with the thought Nietzsche names his most ponderous: das grösste Schwergewicht—the  greatest  heavyweight. Fitzsimons,  P.  (2007). Johnston, J. S. (2005). N was nuts. My reading of Nietzsche takes aim at the interpretation of Nietzsche’s culture that prizes a mythology, a mere distraction from the tragic wisdom of the truth about nature and an immersion into artwork. Why Schopenhauer? At the same time, Nietzsche thinks that this sickness is ‘like pregnancy’ - that is, it is not a fact to be regretted, but rather to be celebrated for its creative potential. Rawls, Cavell, and the Politics of Culture in Nietzsche’s Schopenhauer as Educator’. 259–290). G. Colli and M. Montinari. F. Appel (1998) Nietzsche contra Democracy. London: Bloomsbury. Feliz Hausdorff als Philosoph.. Nietzsche-  Studien, 31, 195–240. Durham: Acumen. Friedrich Nietzsche and the politics of transfiguration. W. Connolly (2002) Identity/Difference: Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox. pub. J. Rawls (1971) A Theory of Justice, pp. MP: An Online Feminist Journal, 3(1), 57–78. (2001). Taking this approach, however, risks confusing aspects of the Nietzsche legend with what is important in his philosophical work, and many commentators are rightly skeptical of readings derived pri… (2016). This is a point Nietzsche emphasized in his inaugural lecture, delivered upon taking his appointment at the University of Basel (Nietzsche, 2017; cf. Bildung, self-cultivation, and the challenge  of  democracy:  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson as a Philosopher of Education. KSA = Nietzsche, Friedrich: Sämtliche Werke. ), The solution to the riddle of the crossroad of  past and future, fore and aft,  is  the  howling  dog, Hecate’s dog (see Babich, 2010b, 97, cf. F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:7 [8] F. Nietzsche, KSA 12:9 [35] K. Carr, The Banalisation of Nihilism, State University of New York Press, 1992, pp. Princeton: Princeton University Press. (2008). D. Dombowsky (2009) ‘Nietzsche as Bonapartist’, in H. W. Siemens (ed.) M. S. Green (2002) Nietzsche and the Transcendental Tradition. ” The diachronic history of a text is not the prehistory of how a text came about, but the reception history of a text. Hummel,  P. (SE §7). Strauss and Nietzsche. It is at this moment that Zarathustra himself is no longer weighted down with the burden of carrying the dwarf but lightened. Philosophical  Exercise. On this matter, see Nietzsche’s ambivalence towards Schiller’s idealism on BT 38-9. (Z, Vision, §2) The man, so Zarathustra muses, had perhaps been asleep, think of the Orphic tradition which Nietzsche also follows as this features the Orphic egg, and Phanes wrapped round with a snake (cf. And on the death of his father, who was the local pastor, Nietzsche was brought up to fill his father's shoes. — Friedrich Nietzsche, KSA 12:9 [60], taken from The Will to Power, section 585, translated by Walter Kaufmann. Sign in here to access free tools such as favourites and alerts, or to access personal subscriptions, If you have access to journal content via a university, library or employer, sign in here, Research off-campus without worrying about access issues. If most philosophic thinkers ‘cause no alarm, they remove nothing from     its hinges’, effectively ‘disturbing no one’, Nietzsche’s Schopenhauer demonstrated as much  by what he wrote as ‘by his deeds that love  of truth  is something  fearsome and  mighty’. The Antichrist (German: Der Antichrist) is a book by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, originally published in 1895.Although it was written in 1888, its controversial content made Franz Overbeck and Heinrich Köselitz delay its publication, along with Ecce Homo. Kingsley, 1995 who does not to be sure refer to Nietzsche, though he ought perhaps to have done so), Cerberus, and so on, for guides, like Nietzsche’s companions to the underworld, and ‘stillest midnight, when even dogs believe in ghosts’. Heelan, P. A. 123-170). Nietzsche avance cette thèse dans une interprétation du positivisme qui affirme qu’il n’y a que des faits : « non, il n’y a précisément pas de faits, mais que des interprétations » (Fragments posthumes fin 1886 – printemps 1887 7 [60], KSA 12, 315). The e-mail addresses that you supply to use this service will not be used for any other purpose without your consent. Sharing links are not available for this article. In: Friedrich Nietzsche and the politics of the soul: A study of heroic individualism (pp. Nietzsche, Nachlaß, III 8 [104], KSA 7, 262, “Werkstätten des Kampfes gegen die Gegenwart.” Google Scholar suppositions and means” has primacy (KSA 7:23[30]). Pure immanence: Essays on a life. Nietzsche’s emphasis on life, and the revenge that we mean to take on life, is an emphasis on created things, (Hebrews  12:27): ‘what can be shaken’. Nietzsche, Tragedy, and the Theory of Catharsis 205 useful way to discharge harmful pathologies “every once in a while” (“hier und da”), as Aristotle recommended (The Anti-Christ 7, Nietzsche 2005: 6-7; KSA 6: 172-4). Login failed. Nietzsche did not seem to have a problem with talking about eternal recurrence in terms of a circular course or repetition (Kreislauf, wiederholung; cf. Regrettably, and only because it does not render the now-standard sequence of the Colli-Montinari edition, Breazeale’s translation is of limited utility to the specialist scholar. Das grösste  Schwergewicht—the  greatest  heavyweight is self-announced  as  Nietzsche’s  most ponderous thought. (eds) (1998). On  Schrödinger  and  Nietzsche:  Eternal  return  and  the  moment. Wagner’s Bayreuth Festival as a musical and socio-cultural phenomenon; and its first official opening was 13 August 1876 and Nietzsche was a special guest. They overlook the second consecration, which, in Lemm’s words, hence overlooks Nietzsche’s account of individuals’ ‘responsibility’ to culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ), The ... KSA 5, 160. Leipzig:  Naumann. See also, among other contemporary democratic theorists, J. Tully, who defends an ideal of civic participation and excellence indebted to these 19th-cent. On the idea of a ‘new enlightenment,’ in Nietzsche, see KSA 11:25[296], 11:26[293], 11:26[298], 11:27[79], 11:27[80], 11:29[40]. Babich,  B. As noted this is the thought of death. Hart, T. Whitman, J. Q. See also Nietzsche’s suggestion that the ‘whole life of a people reflects impurely and confusedly the image offered up by its highest geniuses: these are not the product of the masses, but the masses show their repercussion,’ an indication of Nietzsche’s view of the second view of culture and the productive character of its individuals (KSA 7.19(1)). 4, 75-138. Batailles  Kriegstagebücher  Sur  Nietzsche  (pp. Mysteries  on  Nietzsche’s  Philosophy  of  Eternal  Recurrence. All the goals of education are served by this model, as opposed to educational goals that are bootless from the point of view of profit: ‘what counts as valid: namely,  a speedy  education so  that one may quickly become a money-earning being, yet at the same time  an  education  sufficiently thorough to enable one to earn a very great deal of money’. New  York:  Columbia  University  Press. What do we make of the thinker Nietzsche took for his Augustinian moment (cf. Nietzsche specifies that hidden mechanism as a … The Hallelujah Effect: Music, performance practice, and technology. Bell, M. (2007). J. Conant does not discuss this passage from UM 2.9 where Nietzsche is explicit about the inegalitarian character of his notion of ‘exemplar’. Get Textbooks on Google Play. This works because selection (i.e., saying yes to one thing, it can be anything at all) also means, given necessity, that everything else is also necessary: nothing can be dispensed with: everything must be affirmed, blessed. Lambert, L. (1986). 11-27; ce passage est cité par Nietzsche lui-même dans Généalogie de la morale III, § '° § Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Biebuyck, B., Praet, D., & Poel, I. V. (2005). Nietzsche, Zarathustra, and Deleuze. Berkeley: University of California Press. Epple,  M.  (2006). Avebury: Ashgate. misReading Nietzsche. Nietzsche had already underlined this point earlier in his essay, as he also makes this point elsewhere, but here he repeats the emphasis as it is as he says not a liberty to be paid to profess philosophy: ‘it is no freedom at all but an office of profit’. Babich, B. (2017b). Cf. Thus he is opposed to whatever we imagine the ponderous to be (that’s anything hard for us to wade through, that will—I will come back to this at  the  end—include  both  Nietzsche’s Greeks, as he read them, and Nietzsche’s Schopenhauer, as he read him). Notre Dame. If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. KSA 7:19[132]). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Nietzsche  added  more biology and more thermodynamic statistics to the same reflection, recognizing that abundance and waste was the way of life—and of death. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1Le 24 octobre 1887, le jeune Privatdozent Edmund Husserl prononce à l’Université de Halle sa conférence inaugurale « Les buts et les tâches de la métaphysique » : c’est l’acte fondateur d’un travail d’enseignement et de recherche qui aboutit en 1900 à la publication des Recherches logiques. The prodigious secret of a repetition   that is liberating and selecting.” (Deleuze, 2005, 91). Dordrecht: Kluwer. One wonders what  Nietzsche ‘meant’  (Morgan, 1965) or what he ‘really said’ (Solomon & Higgins, 2012). UM 3.5 in which Nietzsche claims that ‘nature needs knowledge’, and ‘all nature presses towards man . Nietzsche als Erzieher, Nietzsche-Forschung. Josefine Nauckhoff, aphorism 357. In German, Karl Jaspers names Nietzsche educator during the interregnum between two world  wars  (Jaspers,  1997  [1947];  cf. München: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag. Ancient philosophy, mystery, and magic: Empedocles and the pythagorean tradition. Fairfield, P. How would this ‘thought of thoughts’ as Nietzsche’s Zarathustra names it, change one’s life? 103–117. Note on the Plan of  Nietzsche’s  Beyond  Good  and  Evil. Nietzsche, Power, and Politics: Rethinking Nietzsche’s Legacy for Political Thought, pp. On Heidegger on education and questioning. 5 Gesetzgebung der Grösse : surtout en Grèce, constatation de Nietzsche jusqu’en 1873 ; voir dans la nouvelle édition dénommée Kritische Studienausgabe de Giorgio Colli et Mazzino Montinari, en 15 volumes, chez Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York, 1967-77 et 1988 : 2è éd. Babich, 2010a). BGE §5). One of the consequences of ponderous erudition is that it tends to weigh on both the writer and  the reader. The three character types representing these activities are the artist, saint, and philosopher - for insightful analysis see UM 3.5 and L. P. Thiele (1990) Friedrich Nietzsche and the Politics of the Soul: A Study of Heroic Individualism. 43–61). Nietzsche borrows the test for the true philosopher from his favorite author, Lucian and his little dialogue ‘Philosophies for Sale’ (cf., for discussion, Babich, 2013, p. 63): Let the philosophers grow untended, deny them all prospect of place and position within the bourgeois professions, cease to entice them with salaries, more, persecute them, show them  disfavour  —  you  will  behold miracles! Astandard!view!of!the!relations!between!Nietzsche!and!Plato!is!that!Nietzsche!is! Danto, A. Principles are unproven maxims, that is, presuppositions accepted as foundations: axioms. Schiller argued that human freedom is most clearly revealed through ‘dignity’ (Würde), that is, through the conflict of our natural inclinations and our duties. Barnes, J. Nietzsche goes on to list  ‘the greed of the state’ and to explore the cupidity of those who are aware of (these are the cultural philistines) their own ‘ugly or boring content and want to conceal the fact with so-called “beautiful form”,’ an assessment which permits Nietzsche to talk about some of what can seem the more harmless aspects of cultural  imperialism,  Germany  vis-‘a-vis  France  after  the  then-recent  Franco- Prussian war, leading to nationalistic cupidity, and  then,  fourthly,  ‘the  greed  of  the  sciences’. Thus we know—we ‘free spirits’ of the middle period Nietzsche currently popular—that Nietzsche loves  the light  step, loves  dancing in the air, hiking  and climbing  mountains. Solomon, R. C., & Higgins, K. M. (2012). 1, pp. Here we return from reflection on eternal recurrence and the necessity of amor  fati  as this may  allow us better  to understand: the future Nietzsche’s demon proclaims is accordingly a  future of  the  past: nothing beyond the individual as received, no cycling of recycled stars nor the afterlife of an unknown day laborer as Odysseus tells us Achilles longed for such a minimal chance at life once more, elegized in Plato’s dream of Homer’s underworld, Greek eternal recurrence contra Greek eternal recurrence: many lies, we remember this: tell the poets. Boundary  2, Vol. Berlin: de Gruyter. Homer and classical philology. Nietzsche appropriates the Heraclitean "strife of opposites" and applies it to his process ontology, calling it an Ineinander (KSA 7.213) (5) of opposites that functions as the origin of the phenomenal world. revue (sigle KSA): KSA 1.813, 7.447, 7.497, 7.544. (2010c). Even between generations. In: Yuncel (Ed. The so-called "Nietzsche Renaissance" of the last two decades and the increasing prominence of intellectual currents like deconstruc-Karen L. Carr is Assistant Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Lawrence University. The dwarf literally takes a load off, springing to the ground from Zarathustra’s shoulder where he had been pouring thoughts of lead into his ear. The fewer axioms, the better. Volume Issue Schopenhauer, A. Walter Kaufmann, preface, section 5, New York: Penguin Books). Paris:  Philogicum. Thinking  through  this  phrase, Nietzsche  drops  the  key  educational  word:  ‘having  learned’. He spat far away the snake’s head—and sprang   up’. (Ibid.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. See V. Lemm (. 1. Their nature enables them to develop into higher humans, if they realise their potential by working hard at enhancing themselves. Philadelphia: Penn State Press. A list of puns related to "Nietzsche" Someone asked me to name a greater philosopher than Nietzsche. London: Ashgate. Nietzsche, KSA 7, 165). When we read Nietzsche as educator, we seem to be  keen  to  read not the Nietzsche who knew Greek (rather a lot of it, Nietzsche 2016), we read Nietzsche as David Allison tells us to do, as a friend and not a teacher, nothing too heavy, just a buddy: ‘Nietzsche writes exclusively for you. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. (BGE §6), In place of the antinomies this is also why Nietzsche proposes so many ‘questions  of  con-  science for the intellect, namely, “Whence do I take the concept thinking? Seine  Philosophie  der  Gegensätze  und  die  Gegensätze  seiner  Philosophie. Princeton: Princeton University Press. J. Conant (2000) ‘Nietzsche’s Perfectionism: A Reading of Schopenhauer as Educator’, in R. Schacht (ed.) (2010a). Please check you selected the correct society from the list and entered the user name and password you use to log in to your society website. Havenstein, M. (1921). Willing and nothingness: Schopenhauer as Nietzsche’s Educator. Löw,  R.  (1984). (SE §7) Here for Nietzsche, the true lament: Schopenhauer like many artists and philosophers seems to exist rarely and by chance, and above all to exist ‘as a hermit or a wanderer who has lost his way and been left behind’. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Nietzsche, F. (2015). Eugene, OR: Pickwick. Nietzsche as educator: A reexamination. I am still concerned to explore the question of Nietzsche as educator. The  same holds for those ‘who  require form’, that is,  and the reference is to the first of The Untimely Essays, and its discussion of cultural philistinism  in  ‘David  Strauss  the  Confessor and  the  Writer’,  and Nietzsche  observes that  none  of these four powers taken  singly   or and most fatally together—civic, financial, cultural, and scholarly institutions—help  matters  when what is at stake is ‘the production of the genius’, remarking that ‘Socrates could  not have  lived among us and would in any event  not  have  attained  seventy’. Jaspers, K. (1997). Nietzsche ‘establishes’ this stage only in an inchoate form in his early period work - Nietzsche’s mature period writings on the will to power and genealogy are required to fully flesh this stage out. Here, permit to underline my gratitude to the late Patrick Aidan Heelan for first bringing this book to my attention as an illustration of axioms, which physical axiomaticity he connects with quantum mechanics in The Observable, Heelan, 2015, and see too Heelan, 1983. 7. Voir ... Wissenschaft, Kunst und Philosophie beim jungen Nietzsche, Berlin/New York, De Gruyter, 1994, p. 276-291 ; Renate Müller-Buck, „Heine oder Goethe? The educator and the solitary. Nietzsche, KSA 7, 459. These have rightfully elicited Nietzsche’s commitment to an ethical ideal of ‘autonomy.’. The third responds to Rawlsian liberalism with a democratic perfectionism in S. Cavell (1990) Conditions Handsome and Unhandsome: The Constitution of Emersonian Perfectionism. (Z 3, Vision, §2), Like Pythagoras who, so Nietzsche reminds us in his Basel lecture courses, kills  snakes by  biting them (although not Schopenhauer’s citation, remember the epigraph to his Fourfold Root), Nietzsche’s Zarathustra proposes a ‘cure’ — and we read: ‘a voice cried from me — “Bite! Allison, D. B. Renaut & Ferry, 1997; Hummel, 2009ab; Schotten, 2009, and very useful: Del Caro,  1989;  Müller-Lauter,  1971, etc.). Bitbol,  M.  (1998). …  Suddenly it will be empty, everyone will have flown the nest: for it is easy to get rid of    bad philosophers, one has only to cease rewarding them. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Johansson, V., & Schumann, C. (2017). Hence a reviewer of a collection on the theme  of  Nietzsche,  Culture,  Education  (Hart,  2008)  pronounces what  he assumes to be gospel: ‘it is not hard to reflect on what Nietzsche would have made of’ one of the contributions, ‘ponderous’, ‘demonstrating’ ‘erudition’ ‘through references to such luminaries  as Pindar, Heraclitus, Hegel, and Heidegger’. Nietzsche Contra Nietzsche. Heelan, P. A. DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press. New  Statesman,  29  August. Finally—memory yields’. also KSA 7.19(13): the individual does not ‘stand so wholly removed, as an exception, from the people: the will [of the people] wants something of him as well. Of  course Wilamowitz-Möllendorff had reasons to  discount Nietzsche’s erudition, he was himself ambitious and one can argue, per contra, that Nietzsche’s work reflects no shortage of erudition including unprecedented scholarly discoveries and so on (Babich, 2016; Barnes, 1986; Benne, 2005; Brobjer, 2008; Whitman 2017, etc.). (See Babich, 2014; further on  Schrödinger and Indian philosophy,  see  Bitbol,  1998)  Thus there is (and  for  the  Stoics  it  was essential to reflect that there could be) no difference  between the  you that  says I and  the universe. Baltimore:  Johns  Hopkins University Press.